Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart) and compresses the heart, preventing it from pumping effectively.
Causes:
- Trauma (e.g., car accidents, stab wounds)
- Pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium)
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
- Cancer
- Surgery
Symptoms:
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid heart rate
- Low blood pressure
- Dizziness or fainting
- Swelling in the neck veins
Diagnosis: Physical examination, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and Echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart).